giovedi’ 16 maggio alle 13.00

Biblioteca di Slavistica del Dipartimento di Studi Europei, Americani e Interculturali

Villa Mirafiori, Via Carlo Fea 2

Alla lezione seguirà un dibattito alla presenza di Sante Graciotti, Armando Pitassio, Antonio D’Alessandri ed Emanuela Costantini.

Per informazioni: 06 49917300

22 July – 2 August, 2013

The Association Linguists is organising the fifth edition of the Summer School of the Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian language this year.

The school lasts for two weeks, and consists of 40 classes of grammar and conversation. Additional activities include cooking and folklore workshops, translation classes, as well as a visit to a museum and a regional film screening. This year, instead of paying a visit to Mostar, we will travel to Travnik and Jajce, as a part of a one-day field trip.

In case you are interested in taking more than the 40 classes that the original Summer School offers, please let us know when you apply – this year we are organising the additional 20 classes (60 classes in total)! Our students will be able to opt for additional 5 days of learning BCS with us, from 5 to 9 August.

Students will be divided into small groups according to their proficiency levels, and several teachers will work with them on different aspects of language acquisition.

This year we will be organising the C2 level for those who have learned their grammar but still struggle with writing, as well as for those whose mother tongue is BCS, but who have never studied it in school.

Application process has already started, the price being 250 euro if you apply before 1 June.

If you apply later, the price is 300 euro.

We offer a discount for those who do not want to attend the additional activities and only wish to attend the classes (the price being 200 euro for two weeks and 300 euro for three weeks).

The accommodation is not included in the price.

For additional information, please visit: http://www.lingvisti.ba/bsc-school/bcs-summer-school/description-of-the-school

You can also check our e-magazines to find info about the previous summers:

http://www.lingvisti.ba/download/7dcbab9d-bc71-4329-b3ee-b94917127195.pdf,

as well as some photos:

http://www.lingvisti.ba/o-nama/foto-album/cetvrta-ljetna-skola

If you should have any questions, please feel free to contact us!

Before the 1st of May 2013

Following the European seminar held in Tours on this topic in June 2012, the PY network invites young researchers in Social Sciences working on the post-Yugoslav space to submit articles for a forthcoming publication (in French or in English) in an influential European journal. The issue will be titled: “Dwelling/living in the Post-Yugoslav space”, focusing on the evolution of relations between space and people in former Yugoslavia. Our ambition is to offer a fresh view and a better understanding of political, economic, socially rapid and complex evolutions in the region and to participate more broadly to a better understanding of socio-spatial processes in our contemporary world. The objective is also to facilitate, to promote and to make visible research analysis of young researchers working on the post-Yugoslav area.

Synopsis

Understood as a way for the individual to be in an environment, dwelling is a complex phenomenon challenging to define/grasp due to its modes being both material and ideal arrangements of representations and practices of the world (Bailleul and Feildel, 2011). Put differently, the inhabitants of aspace –as a lived experience and as a place of life- physically and symbolically appropriate it (Vassart, 2006). These individual and social relations between human being(s) and space(s) rely on personal, collective and cultural dynamics, which generate a very rich variety of meanings of home places. Dwelling is for the human being a manner to define its possibilities to be in space and time.

In the context of the post Yugoslav space, the verbs to dwell and/or to live acquire a particular resonance. In 1993, Michel Sivignon pointed out the grim actuality of these words during the Yugoslav conflicts. People have fought to guarantee their rights to live (in a house, a village, and a valley) but also to prevent others from living (in the neighbouring house, village, and valley). Wars were about getting rid of certain inhabitants but also about denying and deleting the signs and the marks they left in space and time.

If the 1990s conflicts may be questioned through the concept of dwelling, it is also possible to use this latter to elaborate a renewed perspective on recent reconfigurations of societies and territories in the former Yugoslav space. Other phenomena should also be integrated in such an analysis, e.g. the end of the socialist regime, the emergence of new nation-states, of market economy and the effects of supranational processes such as European integration and globalisation. Those have led to the emergence and the multiplication of new actors producing norms and representations –groups or individuals, state(s) or international organisations. Doing so, one may develop an approach much less concentrated on conflicts and nationalisms but focusing also on other aspects of the recent changes that have impacted (or not) on the way people live and dwell in space and time. Private ownership for instance is one phenomenon that has modified the relation between people and ground / land. It may result in a new personification of space and in new processes of formalising practices and representations in space that used to be informal.

In this call for papers, we are mainly interested in 3 themes:
1/ to be inhabitant and citizen in post-Yugoslav States

The end of the socialist political and economic system, the emergence of new sovereign nation-states as well as the successive migration of people over the last 20 years question the evolution of the relation between inhabitants and their new state(s) –changes in regime(s), legal statuses, definition of membership to the citizenry, borders and boundaries, law– and with neighbouring states –e.g. multiple citizenships. As a result of multiple historical, social and political processes, post-Yugoslav citizenships and their vocabulary refer to different definitions and meanings through time and space in the area. Besides, it is necessary to take into account the practices they encompass without being too close to normative understandings of other “citizenships” – e.g. British or French. Thus, this theme aims at questioning the evolution of citizenship(s) and citizenship regimes through their implication in everyday life and ordinary acts in post-Yugoslav spaces. What does this evolution imply in terms of dwelling (e.g. access to housing or other resources and rights)?
2/ to dwell, to live, to move in the post-Yugoslav space

Many researchers in the French academic context have recently noted the emergence of polytopic ways of living. More precisely, they argue that society has evolved in a way in which inhabitants have become more mobile in their everyday life and along their lifetime (Bailleul et Feildel, 2011; Stock, 2006). To what extent does this general observation fit with the post-Yugoslav context?

Mobility should be perceived as a vector/vehicle in the construction of the meaning that individuals give to the space in which they live in. Hence, the question is: which information do the recent changes in individuals’ mobility and spatial identities in former Yugoslavia give about the ways people dwell/live in spaces? And reversely how are these ways of living/dwelling modifying spatiality, mobility and identities of individuals living in post Yugoslav spaces? We welcome contributions dealing with the evolutions of links between spatial and social reconfigurations. Different kinds of mobility may be treated: forced mobility (refugees/returnees), regular mobility (for familial, economic, social reasons…), and daily mobility, from local to international scales.
3/ to live and to remember in former Yugoslavia

Socio-political evolutions in the (post-)Yugoslav space have been going hand-in-hand with an evolution of historical reference frames in spaces and societies. From the former socialist regime to the rising of nationalisms in the 1980s, the affirmation of new nation-states and local reconfigurations in the 1990s, the historical references in which societies take root seem both to proliferate and to merge. A stimulating empirical approach avoiding any oversimplification may be to focus on the evolution of the relations with memory and places of memory –lieux de mémoire– through the processes of recognition and incorporation of heritage status. We welcome approaches based upon the premises that history is only an interpretation and a production of past facts in a specific socio-political context by different actors and that this interpretation participates to identity construction processes for individuals and groups. Articles questioning heritage statuses in post-Yugoslav territories and societies are welcome as well as analyses of storytelling and production of discourses at the local and the national scales.
Process of selection

We invite young researchers, PhD students and post-doc in Social Sciences working on the post-Yugoslav space to apply to this call. Writing language has to be French or English.

Propositions should be 500 words long. They should be sent before the 1st of May 2013 at the following e-mail: reseaupy@yahoo.fr . They should come with a one-page CV in French or in English.

The selection committee will pay attention in particular to the scientific and language quality of propositions and to their link with the three themes developed in this call.

The accepted applicants will be notified in May; articles should be submitted during summer 2013.
The PY network

The PY network aims at bringing together PhD students and young researchers dealing with reconfigurations of post-Yugoslav societies and territories.

For more information, see: http://www.facebook.com/ReseauPy ; http://reseaupy.hypotheses.org
Heads of the network:

Cyril Blondel, PhD student in politics and in regional planning UMR CITERES (CNRS 7324), Université de Tours cyril.blondel@univ-tours.fr
Guillaume Javourez, PhD student in geography UMR TELEMMe (6570); Université d’Aix-Marseille g.javourez@univ-provence.fr
Marie Van Effenterre, PhD student in anthropology EHESS, UMR IIAC-TRAM (CNRS 8177), Paris marievaneffenterre@gmail.com

10 e 11 aprile 2013

Mercoledì 10 aprile ore 9:00
Aula 6/7 Facoltà di Lettere e Filosofia
Giovedì 11 aprile ore 10:00
Aula Imbucci
Università degli Studi di Salerno

Reggio Emilia
Aula Magna, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Allegri 9
19 Marzo 17:30

Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia e Osservatorio Balcani e Caucaso

“Dialogues on Cinema” è una serie di tre incontri con esperte di cinema balcanico, realizzati nell’ambito del progetto europeo “Racconta l’Europa all’Europa”, guidato da Osservatorio Balcani e Caucaso per promuovere una maggiore conoscenza dei paesi che stanno percorrendo la strada dell’integrazione europea.

Per raccontare la Bosnia Erzegovina, la Croazia, la Turchia, il Kosovo e molti altri paesi, a Reggio Emilia si parlerà della loro produzione cinematografica. Proprio in questo settore infatti negli ultimi anni si sono affermate eccellenze capaci di superare il gap comunicativo tra le due Europe. Si pensi al successo della cinematografia bosniaca, ma anche al meno conosciuto cinema turco, così come ai numerosi festival che in tutta Europa volgono la loro attenzione proprio al cinema balcanico.

L’approfondire la conoscenza del cinema di questi paesi può dirci molto sul loro immaginario, sulla loro identità, così come sulla direzione dei loro slanci per il futuro. Insieme a OBC, il professor Leonardo Gandini, docente di Estetica e Storia del Cinema presso il Dipartimento di Studi Linguistici e Culturali dell’Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, promuove tre incontri pubblici tutti al femminile con tre esperte internazionali di cinema della regione balcanica.

L’ospite di oggi è Mila Turajlic regista, produttrice e autrice dell’acclamato documentario Cinema Komunisto che ripercorre la storia e il declino dell’industria cinematografica jugoslava.

L’Europa sul web, nelle sale cinematografiche, in radio, nelle scuole, all’università e in eventi pubblici. Per un anno sarà protagonista su Osservatorio Balcani e Caucaso. Per rispondere alla crisi, con nuova forza e idealità.

Passaggio a sudest: speciali del programma Passaggio a sudest

Il progetto

Racconta l’Europa all’Europa così abbiamo intitolato il progetto europeo che ci vedrà impegnati per tutto il prossimo anno. Del resto contribuire al dibattito sull’Europa è uno degli obiettivi di Osservatorio Balcani e Caucaso fin dal suo esordio.

Inizialmente la ragione d’essere di OBC era quella di riflettere sulle conseguenze della guerra in Europa e sul sostegno alla ricostruzione dei Balcani. Con il tempo la situazione è gradualmente migliorata e dall’aiuto umanitario si è passati a discutere di armonizzazione di sistemi giuridici e consolidamenti democratici.

Il prossimo luglio la Croazia diventerà il 28esimo membro dell’Unione. Ma, a seconda del punto di partenza, negli ultimi anni anche gli altri paesi della regione hanno fatto passi avanti nel processo di democratizzazione avendo di fronte la prospettiva dell’integrazione europea.

Sebbene dominato da questioni economiche e aspetti tecnico-legali, il processo di allargamento dell’UE ha avuto un ruolo chiave nel superamento delle guerre degli anni ’90 e nella stabilizzazione regionale e resta un fondamentale orizzonte politico per tutti i Balcani. E ciò non dovrebbe sorprendere perché si tratta anche per l’Europa sud-orientale di accedere a quel processo storico di superamento della guerra e di costruzione di un comune spazio politico, da cui è di fatto rimasta esclusa fino alla fine degli anni ’90.

Di questa Europa i mezzi di informazione parlano poco se non quando si agitano gli animi per la paura di nuovi flussi migratori o si evidenzia l’instabilità politica che la caratterizza. Senza dubbio per alcuni paesi balcanici, con economie fragili e amministrazioni soffocate dalla corruzione, l’impegno per accedere all’integrazione europea è ancora molto oneroso. Ma nonostante tutto il processo di armonizzazione lentamente prosegue lontano dai riflettori, assistito dalla Direzione Generale per l’Allargamento della Commissione Europea e monitorato delle Commissioni del Parlamento Europeo.

Si tratta certamente di una dinamica complessa e come tale viene considerata una questione per addetti ai lavori. Eppure l’allargamento ad est dell’UE è stato ed è uno straordinario fenomeno geopolitico per il nostro continente. È sorprendente, come notava il centro studi ESI, che in questi 20 anni non sia emerso nemmeno un best seller per animare la discussione sulla riunificazione europea.

D’altro canto, uno degli aspetti principali del deficit democratico dell’UE è proprio la povertà del dibattito sulle nostre istituzioni e le nostre politiche, e l’allargamento è solo una di queste.

L’integrazione europea non è un processo facile, comporta cessione di sovranità e condivisione di oneri. I membri UE più ricchi e con democrazie mature importano parte dei problemi dei paesi più deboli anche se ne beneficiano in termini di prosperità e sicurezza in senso lato.

Invece i paesi balcanici ancora fuori dall’Unione vivono comunque le conseguenze della dipendenza economica dalla zona euro, come sottolinea Dimitar Bechev. E se fino al 2008 erano tutte economie in forte crescita, poi hanno subito duramente le conseguenze della crisi: lo shock per il crollo degli investimenti esteri, il ridursi dell’accesso al credito, la contrazione delle rimesse hanno avuto conseguenze pesanti.

La congiuntura economica che viviamo ci schiaccia su dibattiti dal respiro corto ma nei Balcani a pochi sfugge il parallelismo tra la crisi che oggi vive l’UE e quella che viveva la Jugoslavia a cavallo degli anni ’90. E se qualcosa possiamo apprendere dal passato è che in Europa nessuno esce da solo dalle crisi e senza rilanciare quel progetto comune di cui tanto abbiamo beneficiato fino ad oggi.

Grazie a Racconta l’Europa all’Europa, Osservatorio Balcani e Caucaso accrescerà il suo sforzo per colmare il deficit democratico e stimolerà la discussione sull’integrazione europea dei Balcani e della Turchia con ben 11 diversi partner, in 4 paesi differenti, e non solo sul web ma anche alla radio, nelle aule universitarie, nei corsi di formazione e infine al cinema.

Anche grazie al contributo dei suoi lettori sempre più numerosi, OBC continuerà a lavorare per la costruzione dell’Europa dei cittadini facendo dialogare e mettendo in rete organizzazioni e persone tra le due sponde dell’Adriatico. Perché per tenere vivo il dibattito in Europa bisogna essere in tanti.

Revolts and uprisings in the era of nationalism (1804-1908)

International conference, November 2013 at Panteion University,
Athens

Deadline:1 April 2013

Description
The chronological frame of the conference extends from the first Serbian uprising (1804) to the Young Turk Revolution (1908). During these hundred years, the map of Southeastern Europe was reshaped through a series of revolutionary movements, mainly national and liberal. Besides, this part of Europe, mostly under Austro-Hungarian and Ottoman rule, experienced the echo of the European revolutions in 1830 and 1848, and of the unification of Italy and of Germany. We may claim that the “Age of Revolutions” in the Balkans expanded until the early twentieth century. Starting from the main thematic axis of revolutionary movements in the Balkans, our objective is to revisit the existing literature in order to put new questions in a comparative and multiperspective way. We are interested in new empirical data that will support comparative thinking about various Balkan cases but also with reference to the Western paradigm. Fields of study could be the personnel involved in different ways in these movements (focusing particularly on the role of women), the diverse ways Europe and the West responded to these movements and how these movements mirrored European developments, the varied identities (pre-existing or under construction) and the ways these movements were commemorated in different national contexts during the nineteenth and the twentieth century. A specific emphasis is placed on the economic and social parameters of revolts as well as on reforms initiated in order to prevent social upheavals or as a result of the modernization project. Experiencing the Revolution at the local and everyday life level by ordinary people will also be an important field of study.

The main aim of the conference is to convey a multi-disciplinary analysis of the question what a “Revolution” in the Balkans was during the long nineteenth century in a broader semantic and social context: Is it possible to build a typology of revolutionary movements in the Balkans? What is the relation of these movements with the ones in Western Europe of that time? Is there a kind of “revolutionary recipe” travelling around Europe via cultural transfers? What are the local characteristics of revolts in different parts of South-East Europe? Who were the revolutionaries? Which is the relation between Revolution and Reform? Which is the historiography and which is the memory of these movements? It is also important to investigate the instances of what was opposite to Revolution, its conceptual ‘other’ under different faces: counter-revolution; reform; evolutionism/traditionalism; alternative loyalties etc.
Conference overview
In particular the conference will be organized around the following themes:
a. Nationalism and the creation of nation-states: different cases and processes of nation-building expressed through revolts and uprisings. Alternative forms of political loyalty and group identity that were competitors to nationalism.
b. People: Intellectuals, Military, Politicians, Women. We are particularly interested in “hybrid” cases and fluid identities -personalities participating in other than their national revolutionary movement or changing identity during their life.
c. Counter-revolutions: the fear of revolution; reactions to revolutions from the old political and social order.
d. Revolts and Violence: violence as part of traditional societies; violence as catalyst in historical change; revolutionary violence; the stereotype of a “Balkan” violence.
e. The everyday life during a revolution: City and country; how ordinary people experience a revolutionary movement; changes in people’s lives as long as a revolt lasts; the everyday life of revolutionaries.
f. Symbols and rituals of a revolution: Flags, songs, all forms of symbolic expression.
g. Europe and the Balkans: Responses to the Balkan revolutionary movements in the West and how the West perceived these events; cultural transfers between Western and Southeastern Europe (ideas, people, vocabulary); transfer of western ideologies in a Balkan context; the role of the “Great Powers”.
h. Tradition, Modernization and Reform: Traditional and modernizing elements in revolutionary movements; reforms as a result of revolutionary movements; reforms without revolts; reforms in order to avoid revolts.4
i. Historiography: National historiography on revolutionary movements; western historiography; alternative and revisionist approaches.
j. Art and Memory: Commemoration of revolts, uprisings and revolutions. How art represents these events then and how memory deals with them over time.
Scientific Committee
Prof. Halil Berktay, Sabanci University, Istanbul
Prof. Hannes Grandits, Humboldt University, Berlin
Assoc. Prof. Alexander Kitroeff, Haverford College, USA
Prof. Christina Koulouri, Panteion University, Athens
Prof. Diana Mishkova, Centre for Advanced Study, Sofia
Prof. Stefanos Papageorgiou, Panteion University, Athens
Dr Dubravka Stojanovic, University of Belgrade
Organizing Committee
Christina Koulouri (Panteion University)
Kostas Katsapis (KENI, Panteion University)
Alexandra Patrikiou (KENI, Panteion University) Evdoxia Papadopoulou (KENI, Panteion University) Chrissa Tzagaroulaki (KENI, Panteion University)
Secretariat: Alexandra Patrikiou (KENI, Panteion University)
We welcome proposals for papers of 15-20 minutes from established scholars, postdoctoral researchers, postgraduate students, independent researchers and educators from various backgrounds. Submission of 300-word proposals in English (abstract only; no full papers) along with short bios should be sent to keni.panteionuniversity@gmail.com by 1 April 2013. Since funding to cover the entire conference is not certified yet, guests are encouraged, if indeed they have this possibility, to acquire individual funding from their home Institution. We will notify for the approved papers by 15 May 2013.

STORIA, LETTERATURA, CULTURA DEI POPOLI DEL REGNO D’UNGHERIA ALL’EPOCA DELLA MONARCHIA AUSTRO-UNGARICA (1867-1918)

Roma, 30-31 gennaio – 1 febbraio 2013

Programma

organizzato dal
Centro Interuniversitario di Studi Ungheresi e sull’Europa Centro-Orientale (CISUECO)
in collaborazione con
l’ Accademia d’Ungheria in Roma e con il Dipartimento di Scienze politiche, Roma Tre

Sedi del Convegno:
Le sedute mattutine, con inizio alle ore 9,30, si svolgeranno nel Dipartimento di Scienze Politiche dell’Università degli Studi Roma TRE
(sede nazionale del CISUECO), via Gabriello Chiabrera 199, Sala del Consiglio (IV piano).
Le sedute pomeridiane, con inizio alle ore 15,30, si svolgeranno nell’Accademia d’Ungheria in Roma, via Giulia 1, Salone d’onore (I piano).
Collegamento con mezzi pubblici:
Le due sedi sono collegate dal bus 23 (diretto) e dai bus 280, 30 express, 87 (fino Piramide, da qui metro B, fermata San Paolo) e viceversa
(tempo medio di percorrenza: 30-40 minuti).

Con l’apporto di importanti studiosi, il Convegno organizzato dal Centro Interuniversitario di Studi Ungheresi e sull’Europa Centro-Orientale – CISUECO, in collaborazione con l’Accademia d’Ungheria in Roma e con il Dipartimento
di Scienze Politiche, Roma Tre, si propone di far conoscere, analizzare e approfondire la storia, la letteratura, la cultura – intesa questa nel senso più ampio del termine (linguistica, filosofia, arti visive, architettura, storia
del costume, geografia, pubblicistica, ecc.) – dei vari popoli che vissero insieme nella cornice statale del Regno d’Ungheria all’epoca dell’Impero austro-ungarico (1867- 1918): croati, ebrei, italiani, romeni, ruteni, serbi, slovacchi,
sloveni, tedeschi, ungheresi, ucraini.
Il Convegno multidisciplinare aspira a dare un quadro, il più ampio possibile e privo di luoghi comuni spesso cristallizzatisi nel tempo, dello sviluppo socio-economicoculturale e delle idee che, seppure fra luci e ombre, si ebbe
in Ungheria con l’apporto determinante dei vari popoli inseriti nei territori della Corona di Santo Stefano nei cinquanta anni che furono gli ultimi dell’Impero retto dagli Absburgo e della stessa Ungheria storica.

Organizzazione:
Roberto Ruspanti, Vicedirettore del CISUECO roberto.ruspanti@uniud.it
Cinzia Franchi (CISUECO) cinzia.franchi@gmail.com
Alberto Basciani (CISUECO) alberto.basciani@gmail.com
Andrea Moravcsik (Accademia d’Ungheria in Roma andrea.moravcsik@libero.it
András Fejérdy (Accademia d’Ungheria in Roma) andras.fejerdy@bbi.hu

Igor Despot

The Balkan Wars in the Eyes of the Warring Parties: Perceptions and Interpretations

In the fall of 1912, the Ottoman Empire was in turmoil. In addition to the Albanian and the Yemen rebellions, the Empire was at war with Italy over the Libyan territory. Worse yet, cholera was spreading throughout the country, leaving a decimated population in its wake. In its weakness, the Ottoman Empire was ripe to be attacked, and the Balkan countries did so. On October 8, 1912, Montenegro declared war on the Ottoman Empire, beginning the first of the Balkan Wars. Embracing maturity and setting their differences aside, four nations joined together to form the Balkan League—Serbia, Greece, Montenegro, and Bulgaria.

Despite the tremendous land victory celebrated by the Balkan League, disputes over dividing the won territory soon arose. Dissatisfied with its share of the Macedonia, Bulgaria attacked its former allies Serbia and Greece. On August 10, 1913, the Treaty of Bucharest ended the second conflict, but it did not bring the peace. In the First World War, which was initiated by Sarajevo assassination, Balkan again became theater of the war.

The Balkan wars have been a popular topic for scholarly research since their resolution. Despite the attention this topic has received, however, the research is far from complete. In this study contributing to the documentation and understanding of this conflict, author Igor Despot has not only reviews the events of the wars, but also considers these events in light of pertinent cultural aspects, identifying the commonalities and differences that may have determined alliances or sparked conflict throughout Balkan history.

Igor Despot was born in Zagreb. He graduated from the faculty of humanities and social science of the University of Zagreb in 1998, obtaining the degree of history and philosophy professor. He obtained his master’s degree on 2008 from the same faculty. This is his PhD dissertation, which he defended in 2012.

iUniverse

Greble Emily

Sarajevo la cosmopolita. Musulmani, ebrei e cristiani nell’Europa di Hitler

La città di Sarajevo ha avuto il paradossale destino di essere insieme un simbolo della violenza politica lungo l’intero ventesimo secolo (dall’attentato di Gavrilo Princip nel 1914 all’assedio degli anni novanta) e un modello europeo di cosmopolitismo e pacifica convivenza tra identità religiose, etniche e culturali diverse, grazie alla coscienza civica dei suoi abitanti. Fin dalla fondazione nel quindicesimo secolo, è stata città multiconfessionale e multietnica. Vi hanno convissuto le comunità musulmana, cattolica, serbo-ortodossa ed ebraica. I cittadini erano bosniaci, serbi, croati, ebrei sefarditi e askenaziti, rom e di altre minoranze. La vita cittadina venne però stravolta quando nel 1941 Sarajevo cadde sotto il controllo della Germania di Hitler e fu incorporata nello Stato indipendente di Croazia, uno dei più brutali stati satellite del nazismo, sotto il regime degli ustascia. Sebbene luogo periferico nel conflitto mondiale, Sarajevo affrontò una serie di emergenze e crisi umanitarie provocate dalle politiche nazionali e internazionali, e si dovette confrontare con le nuove ideologie del tempo. Il suo complesso mosaico di identità, caratteristico dei vecchi imperi multinazionali, iniziò a incrinarsi. Saltarono equilibri e si manifestarono spinte centripete, quando gli ustascia sferrarono il loro feroce attacco a serbi, ebrei e rom, e poi con l’esplosione della guerra civile sotto l’incalzare dei partigiani comunisti e dei cetnici. Le diverse comunità, che al loro interno non erano monolitiche, reagirono in vario modo alle sfide dell’occupazione e della guerra per tutelare i valori della città e la sicurezza della propria gente. Greble analizza le scelte quotidiane e le misure concrete dei leader locali, per capire che cosa ne sia stato in quel drammatico frangente del multiculturalismo incarnato da Sarajevo. Un caso significativo per gli interrogativi urgenti che pone sulla convivenza nel pluralismo culturale e religioso.

Feltrinelli